He Periodic table It is a table of all items We know today. The elements are placed in order of atomic number (Number of protons in the nucleus). The periodic table is a way to list and organize elements.
The ranks of the periodic table are called periodsAnd the columns are known as groups. Groups have similar physical and chemical properties.
He cluster An element belongs to the number of electrons in its external housing. Group 1 elements have 1 external shell electrons, group 2 has two external housing electrons and group 0 has other films full with 8 electrons (or 2 for helium).
How many elements are in the periodic table?
The periodic table currently contains 118 different elements. Each square represents an element. The elements with similar properties are grouped.
How are the elements numbered in the periodic table?
The elements are numbered from left to right in order of how many protons their atoms contain. Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table, since its atom contains a proton.
The metals are to the left of the table, the metalloids are in the middle and the non -metals are on the right.
Each square of the periodic table contains information about the element.
Who invented the periodic table?
The periodic table was invented by Dmitri Mendeleev In 1869, who was the first scientist to put elements in order of atomic mass. Mendeleev was so intelligent to detect patterns that left gaps for non -discovered elements.
The modern periodic table is slightly different from that created by Mendeleev, since it is ordered by the atomic number, not the atomic mass.
Chemical symbols that do not resemble your name
Each element has a chemical symbol that is the same in each language. Some are obvious, like Li for lithium, but others are more difficult to decipher. The first letter is always written as capital, and the second is lowercase.
Tungsten has the W symbol, this is because Tungsten is Wolfram in German
Lead has the PB symbol: this comes from the Latin word plumbum.
Mercury is HG
Iron is faith
Group 1 and 2 elements
The red column is known as Group 1, and the orange column is Group 2. The elements in these groups are known as reactive metals. Pure sodium bags and shots when placed in water, potassium explodes in flames in the water and ceases explodes when added to the water! The reactivity of the elements increases as it advances through the column.
Transition metals
The yellow block of the elements in the center of the table is known as transition metals. These elements are very useful since they conduct electricity and are mostly solid at room temperature.
Halogens – Group 7
The halogens are the elements of Light Purple. The halogen column is the only column that contains elements that are solid, liquids and gases. Fluorine is a yellow gas, bromine is a red liquid and iodine is a purple solid.
Halogens react with group 1 metals to create compounds. An example of this is the sodium reaction with chlorine to form sodium chloride.
Noble gases – Group 0
These are the elements in dark purple. They are not very reactive since they have a complete external roof of electrons and are very useful.
Noble gases are monatomic, they exist as individual atoms.
Neon is used for neon signs, helium is used in balloons, argon is used in 3D printing, welding, lasers and has many other manufacturing uses.
Radioactive elements
Many of the elements at the bottom of the table (green) are radioactive.
Curious data on elements
The atomic number of an element is the number of protons containing an atom of the element.
The radio was used once to paint the hands and watches that shine in the watches and watches.
Lithium is a metal but it is so soft that it can be cut with a knife.
Helium is lighter than air, so it is used to fill helium balloons.
The argon is used within the double glazing windows, since it does not make heat.
Rocks that contain barium brightness at night.
Mercury is the only transition metal that is a liquid at room temperature.
The sapphires are blue due to iron.
The bismuth is diamagnetic. The magnets repel it.
Neon is the least reactive element in the periodic table and is used in neon signs.
Titanium is very strong and very, very light!
Ideas to learn about the periodic table
Teaching by my side has an amazing Periodic table battleships game.
Make paper plate atom models, we use them to Learn about isotopes.
Sing the periodic song of the table, it gets stuck in my head for weeks!
Last update on May 10, 2023 by Emma Vanstone
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