Thirty minutes of aerobic exercise can give people with ADHD a short -term impulse in cognition, according to a new study of researchers in Taiwan.
The team, led by the neuroscientist Hsiao-i Kuo of the National University of Taiwan, also found Exercise that pumps your heart, such as walking fast, jogging, swimming, dance or cycling, inhibition in the Motor cortex For people with hyperactivity care deficit disorder (ADHD), while those without the disorder saw the result quite opposite.
We already know that In healthy people To those who are not diagnosed with ADHD, aerobic exercise tends to improve the excitability in the “greater thought” layer of the brain, or the bark, and reduces the processes that otherwise inhibit its neuronal activity.
A similar effect is seen when People who are not adhd take methylphenidateA common pharmacological treatment for ADHD that increases the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmitters.
When people with ADHD take the stimulant Methylphenidate (Sold under brands like Ritalin), on the other hand, Intracortical inhibition increases. This could explain some of its “approach” effects: other studies have found In general, people with ADHD have significantly lower levels of intracortical inhibition than the general population.
This led the team to question: Would the aerobic exercise affect people with ADHD differently? If ‘normalizes’ your intracortical inhibition, as the methylphenidate does, could your cognitive performance improve too?
Twenty -six non -medical people with ADHD participated in the study, around 23 years and otherwise, along with 26 non -ADHD counterparts.
In two separate exercise sessions, each person spent 30 minutes on a stationary exercise bicycle, starting with a 5 -minute heating, then a 20 -minute training and a 5 -minute cooling.
Two other sessions were designed as ‘controls’: the participants sat on the exercise bicycle for 30 minutes watching a documentary series of nature.
Before and after one of these exercise or control sessions, Kuo’s team proved everyone’s performance in some cognitive tasks: one that evaluates the person’s ability to “retire” from an activity in command, as a measure of control inhibitory and another that tests motor learning, which is essentially ‘muscle memory’.
Before and after the remaining sessions of exercise and control, they used TMS (Transcraneal magnetic stimulation) to measure intracortical inhibition of short interval (sici) and facilitation (ICF).
TMS allows scientists to prove the strength of the signals between the motor cortex and the muscles around the body, which up to a point Indicates the excitability of neurons and the modulation of channels that keep the entire network under control.
The aerobic exercise increased the sici in the ADHD participants, who also had a better performance both in inhibitory control and in motor learning tasks after training.
Participants who are not adhd also saw an improvement in motor learning after exercise, although their sici really decreased and did not have a clear effect on their inhibitory control.
“TO The sole episode of aerobic exercise increases temporarily the cortical inhibition in adults with ADHD, which is mainly determined by the Gabaergic System “, Kuo and Team write. “This could lead to improvements in inhibitory control and motor learning in patients with ADHD.”
The study does not tell us if these different results are linked in some causal way, but certainly point to future ways for research.
Kuo and the team say that 30 -minute aerobic exercise fighting could benefit some patients with ADHD regarding short -term cognitive performance. However, there is no evidence that it works as an independent strategy, and it is not clear how much the effects last.
The investigation was published in Psychiatry research.
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